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Faculty
Philippe Gallay
Associate Professor of IMS
Immunology and Microbial Science
TSRI - 1997
Education
Ph.D., University of Lausanne, 1993
Research Focus
Focusing on the Early Steps of the HIV Life Cycle
HIV has developed sophisticated strategies to enter and survive in human cells. HIV uses multiple host receptors to efficiently penetrate human cells, including CD4, the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4, and the heparan sulfated syndecans. A major topic of our laboratory is to investigate at a molecular level how and why HIV-1 exploits these distinct receptors to maximize its entry into human cells.
Our laboratory also focuses on factors within human cells that attack HIV, immediately after its entry into the cytosol. These human restriction factors target the HIV capsid protein, which comprises the shell that surrounds and protects the viral genome. To circumvent these innate cellular defenses, HIV appears to have evolved the capacity to recruit the host cyclophilin A protein onto its capsid shell in order to successfully infect human cells. A profound understanding of the interplay between HIV and host cell factors is imperative in order to identify novel viral or cellular targets for the development of anti-HIV therapies.
Selected References
Bobardt, M.D., Saphire, A.C., Hung, H.C., Yu, X., Van der Schueren B., Zhang, Z., David, G., Gallay, P.A. Syndecan captures, protects, and transmits HIV to T lymphocytes. Immunity 18:27-39, 2003.
Gallay, P. Syndecans and HIV-1 pathogenesis. Microbes Infect. 6:617-22, 2004.
Bobardt, M.D., Salmon, P., Wang, L., Esko, J.D., Gabuzda, D., Fiala, M., Trono, D., Van der Schueren, B., David, G., Gallay, P.A. Contribution of proteoglycans to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 brain invasion. J. Virol. 78:6567-84, 2004.
Bobardt, M.D., Armand-Ugon, M., Clotet, I. Zhang, Z., David, G., Este, J.A., Gallay, P.A. Effect of polyanion-resistance on HIV-1 infection. Virology 325:389-98, 2004.
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